{"id":2473,"date":"2021-05-25T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-25T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uniontrack.com\/blog\/?p=2473"},"modified":"2021-08-30T21:04:19","modified_gmt":"2021-08-30T21:04:19","slug":"alabama-amazon-union","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uniontrack.com\/blog\/alabama-amazon-union","title":{"rendered":"Workers at Amazon in Alabama Reject Union. What Happened and What\u2019s Next?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ken Green
CEO & Founder
Union Track<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In one of the most historic unionization votes in recent history, workers at the Amazon fulfillment center<\/a> in Bessemer, Alabama voted against joining the Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Union (RWDSU). It was an overwhelming defeat for organizers with over 70 percent of valid votes cast against unionizing. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

It\u2019s a blow not only to pro-union workers at the facility and the RWDSU, but also to the greater labor movement that has been gaining some momentum in worker organization recently. \u201cAmericans want to organize unions,\u201d says American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) President Richard Trumka<\/a>. \u201cAnd it should never be this hard to do so.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Just when momentum seemed to be in favor of unionization with public support and on-the-ground help from labor advocates strong, it wasn\u2019t. What went wrong in Alabama that led to the lopsided failure of the union drive?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3 Key Factors that Contributed to Workers Rejecting the Union<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe union push in Bessemer has been the most consequential labor battle in decades,\u201d writes Alina Selyukh<\/a>, business correspondent at NPR. With over 800,000 U.S. workers employed at nonunion Amazon facilities, both sides were aware that the implications of this vote would reverberate throughout the country. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

From the outset, union organizers knew it was going to be an uphill battle. \u201cThe union and the workers they\u2019re organizing have huge obstacles in front of them,\u201d Stewart Acuff, a former organizing director for the AFL-CIO, told labor journalist Steven Greenhouse<\/a> ahead of the vote. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the end, it turns out the challenges were too many to overcome. Though a number of different factors likely contributed to the failure of the effort to unionize, three had the most impact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Factor #1: The Economic Realities of Working for Amazon<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

In 2010, Bessemer, Alabama, a former steel town and manufacturing center, was on the brink of bankruptcy, write Bloomberg reporters Jordyn Holman and Spencer Soper<\/a>. When Mayor Kenneth Gulley recruited Amazon to build a fulfillment center in the city, it was seen as a saving grace for the once-thriving town. Though activists had long been railing against labor practices at Amazon, most Bessemer residents were \u201cfocused on the $15-an-hour starting wage and health benefits,\u201d Holman and Soper write.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The potential of facing changes to those benefits was a big driver for those who voted against the union. \u201cI think we make really good money for what we do,\u201d employee Cori Jennings told Business Insider reporter Annabelle Williams<\/a> when asked why she voted against unionizing. Another employee, Thomas Eady, echoed that sentiment, telling Williams that Amazon\u2019s \u201cdecent pay and benefits\u201d played a role in influencing him to vote no. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

This contentment with pay and benefits presented one of the most significant roadblocks to unionizing for organizers. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Factor #2: A Lack of Outreach to Younger Workers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

One of the biggest mistakes union organizers made in the campaign was not reaching out more to younger workers to enhance their understanding of labor unions and explain the benefits of a union membership. \u201cMany younger workers, lacking experience with unions and knowledge of labor history, were never persuaded of the benefits of organizing,\u201d write Mike Spector and Jeffrey Dastin<\/a>, respectively U.S. corporate crisis correspondent and technology correspondent at Reuters.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

That led to confusion for many about what they were voting on and how to vote. \u201cEveryone\u2019s been confused,\u201d a 20-year-old facility worker told social justice journalist Daniel Medina<\/a>. \u201cIn my opinion, no one around my age in the building has a clear-cut answer of how they\u2019re going to decide,\u201d says Jason. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because they weren\u2019t being informed, younger workers were more susceptible to misinformation campaigns by the company, which reinforced their confusion and hesitancy. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Factor #3: Amazon\u2019s Union-Busting Tactics<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Undoubtedly, the company\u2019s union-busting activities had the most impact on workers\u2019 decisions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amazon employed a number of common union-busting tactics such as hosting mandatory captive audience meetings, launching an anti-union website with messages meant to scare workers away from unions, and even changing the timing of traffic lights in the area to make it more difficult for union organizers to canvass workers. The company also put up anti-union flyers in warehouse bathrooms and sent workers multiple text messages and emails a day encouraging them to vote against the union. It also flew in managers to talk to workers about why they don\u2019t need a union<\/p>\n\n\n\n

One of its most brazen attempts to influence the election results came in the form of a mailbox. After the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) denied the company\u2019s request to have a mailbox installed on the property for workers to drop their votes, the company pushed the U.S. Postal Service to install one anyway, writes Jay Greene<\/a>, technology reporter at The Washington Post. The company argued it was to make it easier for workers to cast their ballots, but the union said \u201cthe mailbox could lead workers to think Amazon has some role in collecting and counting ballots, which could influence their votes,\u201d Greene explains. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cEven though the NLRB definitively denied Amazon\u2019s request for a drop box on the warehouse property, Amazon felt it was above the law and worked with the postal service anyway to install one,\u201d said RWDSU President Stuart Applebaum. \u201cThey did this because it provided a clear ability to intimidate workers.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The result of these tactics, says the union, was illegal election interference. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"hand<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Union is Appealing the Election Results<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The RWDSU has formally filed 23 objections with the National Labor Relations Board<\/a> contending that some of Amazon\u2019s activities illegally interfered with the election. The charges against Amazon include threatening to lay off workers who supported joining the union, interrogating pro-union workers, and firing employees for passing out union authorization cards outside of work areas, reports Chris Mills Rodrigo<\/a>, technology policy reporter writer at The Hill.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There\u2019s also the issue of the mailbox which the union claims violates employees\u2019 rights to a fair election \u201cby creating the false impression of a polling station controlled, and surveilled, by Amazon,\u201d reports Whitney Kimball<\/a> at Gizmodo. The union says the company\u2019s \u201cpro-employer messaging in the tent qualifies as electioneering, and the box itself, established for the purpose of ballot collection, constitutes ballot harvesting,\u201d Kimball writes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taken together, these actions (some potentially illegal) created a hostile environment for unionizing. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAmazon has left no stone unturned in its efforts to gaslight its own employees,\u201d RWDSU president Stuart Appelbaum<\/a> said in a statement. \u201cWe won\u2019t let Amazon\u2019s lies, deception and illegal activities go unchallenged, which is why we are formally filing charges against all of the egregious and blatantly illegal actions taken by Amazon during the union vote.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The case could take up to a year or more to resolve, says Alex Colvin<\/a>, the dean of Cornell University\u2019s School of Industrial and Labor Relations, with minimal repercussions for the company should it be found to have conducted illegal union-busting activities. The odds of reversing the results are slim as overturning elections is rare, notes Colvin. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"warehouse<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

How Does the Labor Movement Rebound from this Loss?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The big question now for labor leaders is what needs to be done to recover from this loss and how to keep workers encouraged about unionizing at Amazon and other workplaces. Most experts agree that the focus needs to be on changing labor laws to make it easier for workers to organize. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Bessemer union drive is \u201canother clear indication that [US] labor law is broken, perhaps in its current form, beyond repair,\u201d says Tom Kochan<\/a>, professor of management at MIT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under current labor law, companies have access to a wide range of tools to prevent employees from unionizing, such as captive audience meetings and employee eligibility for unionization, with minimal punishments for overstepping the bounds of the laws, writes labor and workforce issues reporter Tyler Sonnemaker in the same article. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

That\u2019s why it\u2019s become so important for unions to lobby for the passage of legislation, such as the Protecting the Right to Organize (PRO) Act, that would remove barriers to organizing. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cA clear way to ensure fair, democratic union elections is for the U.S. Senate to pass the PRO Act,\u201d writes Rebekah Entralgo<\/a>, managing editor at Inequality.org. In doing so, some of the tactics Amazon and other employers use to prevent their workers from unionizing would be banned, such as captive audience meetings, election disruptions and retaliation against workers, while employers would face fines for violating NLRA rules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The PRO Act passed in the House of Representatives earlier this year but faces an uphill challenge in the Senate. As union leaders lobby for its passage, they can use a tool like UnionTrack ENGAGE<\/a> to rally members and keep them engaged in efforts to build momentum in the labor movement. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Images by: Ken Wolter\/\u00a9123RF Stock Photo, Jacek Ziabski\/\u00a9123RF Stock Photo, Cathy Yeulet\/\u00a9123RF Stock Photo<\/em><\/small><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Workers at the Amazon facility in Bessemer, Alabama voted against joining the union. We look at why, and what the results mean for labor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2477,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uniontrack-blog"],"yoast_head":"\r\nAlabama Amazon Union Drive Failed. What Happened and What\u2019s Next?<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Workers at the Amazon facility in Bessemer, Alabama voted against joining the union. 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